Rehabilitación Fisioterapéutica para la Kinesiofobia en Adultos Mayores Post-Caída: Un Estudio de Caso

Erika Viviana Ricaurte Zavala, Kevin Stalyn Andocilla Vallejo, Ernesto Fabián Vinueza Orozco

Resumen


Este estudio evaluó la efectividad de un programa de rehabilitación fisioterapéutica multimodal en la reducción de la kinesiofobia en adultos mayores post-caída. Participaron 60 adultos mayores (28 hombres y 32 mujeres) con una edad promedio de 72.4 años, quienes fueron evaluados utilizando el Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK), el SF-36 Health Survey y pruebas de rendimiento físico como el Timed Up and Go y la prueba de marcha de 6 minutos. La intervención incluyó ejercicios de fortalecimiento, entrenamiento de equilibrio, técnicas de relajación y terapia cognitivo-conductual, desarrollada durante 12 semanas. Los resultados mostraron una reducción significativa en los niveles de kinesiofobia (p < 0.001) y mejoras en la calidad de vida física y mental (p < 0.001). Las pruebas de rendimiento físico también indicaron mejoras significativas en la movilidad y el equilibrio (p < 0.001). Los efectos positivos se mantuvieron durante el seguimiento de tres meses. Este estudio sugiere que un enfoque multimodal es efectivo para reducir la kinesiofobia y mejorar la calidad de vida en adultos mayores, con implicaciones importantes para la práctica clínica y futuras investigaciones. Estos hallazgos son consistentes con investigaciones previas sobre intervenciones multimodales para el dolor crónico y la kinesiofobia.


Palabras clave


Kinesiofobia; Rehabilitación fisioterapéutica; Caídas en adultos mayores; Ejercicio físico; Calidad de vida.

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Referencias


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.23857/pc.v9i7.7541

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