Utilización de la anestesia subaracnoidea en cirugía mayor ambulatoria y factores que influyen en la recuperación post operatoria

Jean Andrés Peralta Maldonado, Marcia Dayanna Higuera Martos, Ayrianna Katiusca Galán Velasco, Karla Estefanía Baquerizo Rosales

Resumen


La cirugía mayor ambulatoria cada vez se utiliza más frecuentemente y en procedimientos más complejos. La técnica anestésica óptima para cirugía ambulatoria debe cumplir unos requisitos específicos: rápida instauración y recuperación, fiabilidad y mínimos efectos secundarios asociados. La anestesia espinal o bloqueo subaracnoideo (BSA) tiene la ventaja de producir una anestesia completa, en forma rápida y segura, en una porción importante del cuerpo y por un período predecible de tiempo. El objetivo de la anestesia ambulatoria es producir un BSA de difusión controlable en el LCR, adecuado en extensión y grado para la cirugía propuesta, sin producir un bloqueo innecesario y extenso, con el que finalmente se puedan cumplir los criterios de alta, sin demoras ni complicaciones, y que estos criterios sean similares a los obtenidos con anestesia general. Para lograr los objetivos propuestos utilizando anestésicos, debemos tener en cuenta varios factores como la edad, peso, talla, sexo y anatomía espinal.


Palabras clave


cirugía; anestesia espinal; bloqueo subaracnoideo; anestesia general.

Texto completo:

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.23857/pc.v8i12.6452

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